Introduction
This dataset was created for a larger paper titled “An Unlikely Coalition: Passing the Respect for Marriage Act” that I presented at the Pi Sigma Alpha’s 2024 National Student Research Conference in Washington D.C.
The paper correlates each member of Congress’ vote on H.R.8404 to their district competitiveness (based on Cook PVI scores) with difference-in-means estimates.
Access the codebook, dataset, and replication code on GitHub here. Read the paper (with methodology and results) here.
Dataset
state: district state
district: district number
member: member last name
party: member party
0: Democrat
1: Republican
vote0: vote on H.R.8404 in either July or December
0: "no" vote twice
1: "yes" vote at least once
vote1: vote on H.R.8404 in July
0: "no" vote
1: "yes" vote
vote2: vote on H.R.8404 in December
0: "no" vote
1: "yes" vote
competitive1: Cook PVI score within D+5 to R+5 range
0: outside of range
1: inside of range
competitive2: Cook PVI score within D+10 to R+10 range
0: outside of range
1: inside of range
pvi: Cook PVI score
notes: miscellaneous information
state | district | member | party | vote0 | vote1 | vote2 | competitive1 | competitive2 | pvi | notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
al | 1 | carl | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
al | 2 | moore | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | |
al | 3 | rogers | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | |
al | 4 | aderholt | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34 | |
al | 5 | brooks | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | |
al | 6 | palmer | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | |
al | 7 | sewell | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 19 | |
ak | 1 | peltola | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | vacant, special, novote1 | |
az | 1 | o'halleran | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
az | 2 | kirkpatrick | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
az | 3 | grijalva | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
az | 4 | gosar | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | |
az | 5 | biggs | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
az | 6 | schweikert | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
az | 7 | gallego | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 24 | |
az | 8 | lesko | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
az | 9 | stanton | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
ar | 1 | crawford | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | |
ar | 2 | hill | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
ar | 3 | womack | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | |
ar | 4 | westerman | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
ca | 1 | lamalfa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
ca | 2 | huffman | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 23 | |
ca | 3 | garamendi | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
ca | 4 | mcclintock | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
ca | 5 | thompson | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 22 | |
ca | 6 | matsui | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 21 | |
ca | 7 | bera | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
ca | 8 | obernolte | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
ca | 9 | mcnerney | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
ca | 10 | harder | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
ca | 11 | desaulnier | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 24 | |
ca | 12 | pelosi | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 38 | |
ca | 13 | lee | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 40 | |
ca | 14 | speier | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 28 | |
ca | 15 | swalwell | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 22 | |
ca | 16 | costa | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
ca | 17 | khanna | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 24 | |
ca | 18 | eshoo | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 27 | |
ca | 19 | lofgren | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 23 | |
ca | 20 | panetta | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 23 | |
ca | 21 | valadao | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
ca | 22 | conway | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | special |
ca | 23 | mccarthy | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
ca | 24 | carbajal | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
ca | 25 | garcia | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
ca | 26 | brownley | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
ca | 27 | chu | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 18 | |
ca | 28 | schiff | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 23 | |
ca | 29 | cardenas | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 27 | |
ca | 30 | sherman | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
ca | 31 | aguilar | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
ca | 32 | napolitano | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 17 | |
ca | 33 | lieu | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 19 | |
ca | 34 | gomez | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 34 | |
ca | 35 | torres | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 17 | |
ca | 36 | ruiz | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
ca | 37 | bass | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 36 | |
ca | 38 | sanchez | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 17 | |
ca | 39 | kim | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
ca | 40 | roybal-allard | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 31 | |
ca | 41 | takano | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
ca | 42 | calvert | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
ca | 43 | waters | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 29 | |
ca | 44 | barragan | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 32 | |
ca | 45 | porter | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
ca | 46 | correa | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
ca | 47 | lowenthal | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
ca | 48 | steel | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
ca | 49 | levin | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
ca | 50 | issa | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
ca | 51 | vargas | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
ca | 52 | peters | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
ca | 53 | jacobs | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 17 | |
co | 1 | degette | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 24 | |
co | 2 | neguse | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
co | 3 | boebert | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
co | 4 | buck | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
co | 5 | lamborn | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
co | 6 | crow | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
co | 7 | perlmutter | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
ct | 1 | larson | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
ct | 2 | courtney | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
ct | 3 | delauro | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
ct | 4 | himes | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
ct | 5 | hayes | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
de | 1 | blunt rochester | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
fl | 1 | gaetz | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
fl | 2 | dunn | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
fl | 3 | cammack | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
fl | 4 | rutherford | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
fl | 5 | lawson | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
fl | 6 | waltz | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
fl | 7 | murphy | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
fl | 8 | posey | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
fl | 9 | soto | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
fl | 10 | demings | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
fl | 11 | webster | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | |
fl | 12 | bilirakis | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
fl | 13 | crist | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
fl | 14 | castor | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
fl | 15 | franklin | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
fl | 16 | buchanan | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
fl | 17 | steube | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
fl | 18 | mast | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
fl | 19 | donalds | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
fl | 20 | cherfilus-mccormick | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 28 | special |
fl | 21 | frankel | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
fl | 22 | deutch | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
fl | 23 | wasserman schultz | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
fl | 24 | wilson | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 28 | |
fl | 25 | diaz-balart | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
fl | 26 | gimenez | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
fl | 27 | salazar | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
ga | 1 | carter | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
ga | 2 | bishop | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
ga | 3 | ferguson | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
ga | 4 | johnson | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 27 | |
ga | 5 | williams | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 36 | |
ga | 6 | mcbath | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
ga | 7 | bordeaux | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
ga | 8 | scott | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | |
ga | 9 | clyde | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | |
ga | 10 | hice | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
ga | 11 | loudermilk | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
ga | 12 | allen | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
ga | 13 | scott | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 23 | |
ga | 14 | greene | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 | |
hi | 1 | case | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
hi | 2 | kahele | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 15 | |
id | 1 | fulcher | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | |
id | 2 | simpson | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 15 | |
il | 1 | rush | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 25 | |
il | 2 | kelly | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 28 | |
il | 3 | newman | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
il | 4 | garcia | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 33 | |
il | 5 | quigley | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 22 | |
il | 6 | casten | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
il | 7 | davis | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 37 | |
il | 8 | krishnamoorthi | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
il | 9 | schakowsky | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 21 | |
il | 10 | schneider | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
il | 11 | foster | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
il | 12 | bost | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
il | 13 | davis | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
il | 14 | underwood | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
il | 15 | miller | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 | |
il | 16 | kinzinger | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | novote2 | |
il | 17 | bustos | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
il | 18 | lahood | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | |
in | 1 | mrvan | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
in | 2 | walorski | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
in | 3 | banks | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | |
in | 4 | baird | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | |
in | 5 | spartz | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
in | 6 | pence | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | |
in | 7 | carson | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
in | 8 | bucshon | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | |
in | 9 | hollingsworth | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | novote1 | |
ia | 1 | hinson | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
ia | 2 | miller-meeks | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
ia | 3 | axne | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
ia | 4 | feenstra | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
ks | 1 | mann | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | |
ks | 2 | laturner | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
ks | 3 | davids | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
ks | 4 | estes | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | |
ky | 1 | comer | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 | |
ky | 2 | guthrie | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | |
ky | 3 | yarmuth | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
ky | 4 | massie | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | |
ky | 5 | rogers | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33 | |
ky | 6 | barr | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
la | 1 | scalise | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | |
la | 2 | carter | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 25 | special |
la | 3 | higgins | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | |
la | 4 | johnson | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
la | 5 | letlow | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | runoff, special |
la | 6 | graves | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | |
me | 1 | pingree | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
me | 2 | golden | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
md | 1 | harris | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
md | 2 | ruppersberger | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
md | 3 | sarbanes | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
md | 4 | brown | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 29 | |
md | 5 | hoyer | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
md | 6 | trone | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
md | 7 | mfume | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 27 | |
md | 8 | raskin | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 17 | |
ma | 1 | neal | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
ma | 2 | mcgovern | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
ma | 3 | trahan | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
ma | 4 | auchincloss | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
ma | 5 | clark | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 23 | |
ma | 6 | moulton | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
ma | 7 | pressley | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 35 | |
ma | 8 | lynch | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
ma | 9 | keating | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
mi | 1 | bergman | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
mi | 2 | huizenga | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
mi | 3 | meijer | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
mi | 4 | moolenaar | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
mi | 5 | kildee | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
mi | 6 | upton | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
mi | 7 | walberg | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
mi | 8 | slotkin | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
mi | 9 | levin | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
mi | 10 | mcclain | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | |
mi | 11 | stevens | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
mi | 12 | dingell | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
mi | 13 | tlaib | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 29 | |
mi | 14 | lawrence | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 29 | |
mn | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | vacant | |||||
mn | 2 | craig | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
mn | 3 | phillips | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
mn | 4 | mccollum | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
mn | 5 | omar | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 29 | |
mn | 6 | emmer | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
mn | 7 | fischbach | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | |
mn | 8 | stauber | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
ms | 1 | kelly | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | |
ms | 2 | thompson | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
ms | 3 | guest | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
ms | 4 | palazzo | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | |
mo | 1 | bush | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 29 | |
mo | 2 | wagner | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
mo | 3 | luetkemeyer | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | |
mo | 4 | hartzler | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | novote1 | |
mo | 5 | cleaver | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
mo | 6 | graves | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | |
mo | 7 | long | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | |
mo | 8 | smith | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | |
mt | 1 | rosendale | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
ne | 1 | flood | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | special |
ne | 2 | bacon | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
ne | 3 | smith | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | |
nv | 1 | titus | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
nv | 2 | amodei | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
nv | 3 | lee | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
nv | 4 | horsford | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
nh | 1 | pappas | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
nh | 2 | kuster | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
nj | 1 | norcross | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
nj | 2 | van drew | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
nj | 3 | kim | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
nj | 4 | smith | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
nj | 5 | gottheimer | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
nj | 6 | pallone | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
nj | 7 | malinowski | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
nj | 8 | sires | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 24 | |
nj | 9 | pascrell | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
nj | 10 | payne | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 34 | |
nj | 11 | sherrill | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
nj | 12 | watson coleman | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
nm | 1 | stansbury | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | special |
nm | 2 | herrell | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
nm | 3 | leger fernandez | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
ny | 1 | zeldin | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | ||
ny | 2 | garbarino | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
ny | 3 | suozzi | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
ny | 4 | rice | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
ny | 5 | meeks | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 34 | |
ny | 6 | meng | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
ny | 7 | velazquez | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 34 | |
ny | 8 | jeffries | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 33 | |
ny | 9 | clark | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 32 | |
ny | 10 | nadler | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 27 | |
ny | 11 | malliotakis | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
ny | 12 | maloney | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 34 | |
ny | 13 | espaillat | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 40 | |
ny | 14 | ocasio-cortez | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 25 | |
ny | 15 | torres | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 39 | |
ny | 16 | bowman | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 25 | |
ny | 17 | jones | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
ny | 18 | maloney | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
ny | 19 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | vacant | ||||
ny | 20 | tonko | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
ny | 21 | stefanik | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
ny | 22 | tenney | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
ny | 23 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | vacant | ||||
ny | 24 | katko | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
ny | 25 | morelle | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
ny | 26 | higgins | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
ny | 27 | jacobs | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
nc | 1 | butterfield | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
nc | 2 | ross | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
nc | 3 | murphy | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
nc | 4 | price | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
nc | 5 | foxx | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
nc | 6 | manning | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
nc | 7 | rouzer | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
nc | 8 | hudson | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
nc | 9 | bishop | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
nc | 10 | mchenry | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | |
nc | 11 | cawthorn | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
nc | 12 | adams | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 19 | |
nc | 13 | budd | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
nd | 1 | armstrong | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
oh | 1 | chabot | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
oh | 2 | wenstrup | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
oh | 3 | beatty | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 19 | |
oh | 4 | jordan | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
oh | 5 | latta | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | |
oh | 6 | johnson | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | |
oh | 7 | gibbs | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | |
oh | 8 | davidson | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | |
oh | 9 | kaptur | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
oh | 10 | turner | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
oh | 11 | brown | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 30 | special |
oh | 12 | balderson | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
oh | 13 | ryan | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
oh | 14 | joyce | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
oh | 15 | carey | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | special |
oh | 16 | gonzalez | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
ok | 1 | hern | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | |
ok | 2 | mullin | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29 | |
ok | 3 | lucas | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29 | novote1 | |
ok | 4 | cole | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
ok | 5 | bice | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
or | 1 | bonamici | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
or | 2 | bentz | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
or | 3 | blumenauer | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 24 | |
or | 4 | defazio | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
or | 5 | schrader | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
pa | 1 | fitzpatrick | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
pa | 2 | boyle | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 21 | |
pa | 3 | evans | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 41 | |
pa | 4 | dean | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
pa | 5 | scanlon | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
pa | 6 | houlahan | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
pa | 7 | wild | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
pa | 8 | cartwright | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
pa | 9 | meuser | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | |
pa | 10 | perry | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
pa | 11 | smucker | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
pa | 12 | keller | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
pa | 13 | joyce | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | |
pa | 14 | reschenthaler | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
pa | 15 | thompson | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | |
pa | 16 | kelly | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
pa | 17 | lamb | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
pa | 18 | doyle | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
ri | 1 | cicilline | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
ri | 2 | langevin | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
sc | 1 | mace | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
sc | 2 | wilson | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
sc | 3 | duncan | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | |
sc | 4 | timmons | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
sc | 5 | norman | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
sc | 6 | clyburn | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 17 | |
sc | 7 | rice | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
sd | 1 | johnson | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
tn | 1 | harshbarger | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | |
tn | 2 | burchett | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | novote1 | |
tn | 3 | fleischmann | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | |
tn | 4 | desjarlais | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | |
tn | 5 | cooper | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
tn | 6 | rose | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 | |
tn | 7 | green | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | |
tn | 8 | kustoff | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | |
tn | 9 | cohen | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 28 | |
tx | 1 | gohmert | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | |
tx | 2 | crenshaw | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
tx | 3 | taylor | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
tx | 4 | fallon | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 | |
tx | 5 | gooden | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | |
tx | 6 | ellzey | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | special |
tx | 7 | fletcher | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
tx | 8 | brady | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | ||
tx | 9 | green | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 27 | |
tx | 10 | mccaul | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
tx | 11 | pfluger | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 32 | |
tx | 12 | granger | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | |
tx | 13 | jackson | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33 | |
tx | 14 | weber | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
tx | 15 | gonzales | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
tx | 16 | escobar | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 18 | |
tx | 17 | sessions | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
tx | 18 | jackson lee | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 26 | |
tx | 19 | arrington | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 | |
tx | 20 | castro | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
tx | 21 | roy | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
tx | 22 | nehls | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
tx | 23 | gonzales | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
tx | 24 | van duyne | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
tx | 25 | williams | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
tx | 26 | burgess | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
tx | 27 | cloud | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
tx | 28 | cuellar | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
tx | 29 | garcia | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 19 | |
tx | 30 | johnson | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 29 | |
tx | 31 | carter | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
tx | 32 | allred | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
tx | 33 | veasey | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 23 | |
tx | 34 | flores | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | special, partyswitch |
tx | 35 | doggett | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 17 | |
tx | 36 | babin | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | novote1 | |
ut | 1 | moore | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
ut | 2 | stewart | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
ut | 3 | curtis | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 17 | |
ut | 4 | owens | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | ||
vt | 1 | welch | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 15 | |
va | 1 | wittman | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
va | 2 | luria | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
va | 3 | scott | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
va | 4 | mceachin | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
va | 5 | gooden | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
va | 6 | cline | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
va | 7 | spanberger | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
va | 8 | beyer | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 27 | |
va | 9 | griffith | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 | |
va | 10 | wexton | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
va | 11 | connolly | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 19 | |
wa | 1 | delbene | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
wa | 2 | larsen | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
wa | 3 | herrera beutler | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
wa | 4 | newhouse | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
wa | 5 | rodgers | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
wa | 6 | kilmer | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | |
wa | 7 | jayapal | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 36 | |
wa | 8 | schrier | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
wa | 9 | smith | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 23 | |
wa | 10 | strickland | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
wv | 1 | mckinley | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | novote1 | |
wv | 2 | mooney | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
wv | 3 | miller | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27 | novote1 | |
wi | 1 | steil | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
wi | 2 | pocan | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 18 | |
wi | 3 | kind | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
wi | 4 | moore | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 25 | |
wi | 5 | fitzgerald | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
wi | 6 | grothman | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
wi | 7 | tiffany | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
wi | 8 | gallagher | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | |
wy | 1 | cheney | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 26 |
Replication Code
```{r}
#Setup
library(estimatr)
data <- read.csv("~/Downloads/replication-data.csv")
#Subset to Republicans
gop <- subset(data, party == '1')
```
```{r}
#Vote0 & Competitive1 (D+5 to R+5)
difference_in_means(vote0 ~ competitive1, data = gop, condition1 = '0', condition2 = '1')
#Vote1 & Competitive1 (D+5 to R+5)
difference_in_means(vote1 ~ competitive1, data = gop, condition1 = '0', condition2 = '1')
#Vote2 & Competitive1 (D+5 to R+5)
difference_in_means(vote2 ~ competitive1, data = gop, condition1 = '0', condition2 = '1')
```
```{r}
#Vote0 & Competitive2 (D+10 to R+10)
difference_in_means(vote0 ~ competitive2, data = gop, condition1 = '0', condition2 = '1')
#Vote1 & Competitive2 (D+10 to R+10)
difference_in_means(vote1 ~ competitive2, data = gop, condition1 = '0', condition2 = '1')
#Vote2 & Competitive2 (D+10 to R+10)
difference_in_means(vote2 ~ competitive2, data = gop, condition1 = '0', condition2 = '1')
```